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P387 - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
P387 - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom

P387 – VLS-PGM I21-IXS DLS

Application

Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation

Year of delivery

2015

Installation site

Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom

Design Features

  • High-resolution grazing incidence variable line spacing plane grating monochromator (PGM).
  • Spectral range: 250 – 3000 eV.
  • Optical elements: one plane mirror and four plane gratings.
  • Temperature sensors at internal mechanics, mirror and gratings.
  • Electrode at mirror surface for carbon contamination prevention.
  • Active water cooling of all optical elements.
  • Combined drives with piezo actuator and stepper motor for ultra-high mirror / grating pitch positioning resolution over the entire motion range.

  • Water cooled zero-order stop with mask.

  • Mechanically decoupled internal mechanics from the vacuum chamber.
  • Internal mechanics directly connected to the adjustable support structure underneath.
  • Adjustable support structure.
  • Permanently installed bakeout provisions.

Performance Features

  • Extremly high step resolution.

  • Very high pitch rotation stability and repeatability.
  • Minimized mounting induced deformations.

Outer Dimensions

387 - Outer dimensions - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom

Technical specifications and performance values

General

Vacuum chamber

Chamber type

cylindrical, vertical axis

Main flanges

at the top

Material

1.4404 (C < 0.02%)

Base pressure

10-10 mbar range

Optical design parameters

Beam height (entrance)

1400 mm

Beam offset

15 mm

Number of plane mirrors

1

Plane mirror dimensions

450 mm x 70 mm x 50 mm

Number of gratings

4

Gratings dimensions

170 mm x 40 mm x 50 mm

Support structure

Adjustment ranges

Vertical translation

± 15 mm

Transversal translation

± 15 mm

Longitudinal translation

± 15 mm

Pitch

± 1°

Roll

± 1°

Yaw

± 1°

Plane mirror

Pitch rotation

Range

0.60° to -9.80°

Resolution (design value)

0.00375 µrad /motor fine step
(1/64, recommended)
0.0047961 µrad /encoder count

Resolution (measured value)

0.05 µrad

Repeatability

0.11 µrad (pitch)
0.07 µrad (roll)

Long-term stability (> 1.5 h)

0.021 µrad

Long-term stability (> 1.5 h)
2.4 l/min water flow rate

0.028 µrad

Recommended scanning speed

2 °/min

Translation

Range

-13.27 mm to +68.64 mm

Resolution (design value)

0.078 µm /motor fine step
(1/64, recommended)
0.05 µm /encoder count

Repeatability

0.07 µrad (pitch)
0.12 µrad (roll)

Recommended scanning speed

20 mm /min

Gratings

Pitch rotation

Range

0.70° to -9.40°

Resolution (design value)

0.00375 µrad /motor fine step
(1/64, recommended)
0.0047961 µrad /encoder count

Resolution (measured value)

0.01 µrad

Repeatability

0.08 µrad (pitch)

Long-term stability (> 1.5 h)

0.009 µrad

Long-term stability (> 1.5 h)
1.8 l/min water flow rate

0.021 µrad

Recommended scanning speed

2 °/min

Translation

Range

-20.30 mm to +181.50 mm

Resolution (design value)

0.078 µm /motor fine step
(1/64, recommended)
0.05 µm /encoder count

Repeatability

0.17 µrad (pitch)
0.44 µrad (roll)

Recommended scanning speed

20 mm /min

Performance Test Results

Pitch deviation after pitch change (mirror)
P387 - Pitch deviation after pitch change (mirror) - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Pitch deviation after pitch change (grating)
P387 - Pitch deviation after pitch change (grating) - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Pitch deviation after mirror translation
P387 - Pitch deviation after mirror translation - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Roll deviation after mirror translation
P387 - Roll deviation after mirror translation - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Pitch deviation after grating translation
P387 - Pitch deviation after grating translation - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Roll deviation after grating translation
P387 - Roll deviation after grating translation - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Mirror pitch positioning resolution

 

P387 - Mirror pitch positioning resolution - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Mirror pitch position resolution
(2.4 l/min water flow rate)
P387 - Mirror pitch positioning resolution with cooling water 2.4 l_min - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch positioning resolution

 

P387 - Grating pitch positioning resolution - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch positioning resolution
(1.8 l/min water flow rate)
P387 - Grating pitch positioning resolution - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Mirror pitch positioning resolution
P387 - Mirror pitch positioning resolution - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch positioning resolution
P387 - Grating pitch positioning resolution - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Mirror pitch long-term stability

 

P387 - Mirror pitch stability - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Mirror pitch long-term stability
(2.4 l/min water flow rate)
P387 - Mirror pitch stability with cooling water 2.4 l_min - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch long-term stability

 

P387 - Grating pitch stability - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch long-term stability
1.8 l/min water flow rate)
P387 - Grating pitch stability with cooling water 1.8 l_min - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Grating pitch positioning resolution (piezo actuator)
P387 - Grating pitch positioning resolution with piezo actuator - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
Residual gas analysis
P387 - Residual gas analysis - Plane grating monochromator (PGM) for soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at Beamline I21-IXS at Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom